Sun Zhongfu
At present, our country is in the process of transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and information technology has become an important way to transform traditional agriculture with modern high-tech. The development of agricultural information has generally experienced four stages: computer agriculture, digital agriculture, precision agriculture and smart agriculture. Wisdom agriculture is an advanced stage of agricultural production, integrating emerging technologies such as Internet of Things, big data and cloud computing. The Internet of Things is an extension and expansion based on the Internet. It identifies, manages and controls objects and objects, objects and people, and all objects and networks through comprehensive sensing, Internet of things and intelligent applications. In China, the use of agricultural internet of things in agricultural development has shown some success and promoted the rapid development of agriculture in many fields such as greenhouse vegetables, field planting, flower planting and aquaculture. The related technologies, systems and products of agricultural internet of things In the field of agriculture and rural informatization in our country, preliminary application has been made, such as common sensing technology, intelligent management system, remote sensing system, remote monitoring system, biological information and diagnosis system. These technologies help to supervise the entire production and circulation of agricultural products and transfer the relevant information of each link through the Internet of Things to the database of agricultural circulation centers to improve the quality and safety management of agricultural products and the effectiveness of logistics.
The research and application of agricultural internet of things technology is the need for the development of modern smart agriculture and also an important indicator for measuring the comprehensive scientific and technological strength and the level of agricultural development in a country. At the same time, China's agriculture has made tremendous achievements. At the same time, it has also faced the severe challenge of increasing population, reducing farmland, reducing rural labor force, increasing natural disasters and increasing environmental pollution. Therefore, the future agricultural production needs precise monitoring and scientific management, realizing the rational allocation of resources, maximizing the returns with the least investment, utilizing all kinds of agricultural resources efficiently and obtaining the maximum economic and environmental benefits. In the future, the agricultural Internet of Things should meet the needs of modern agricultural development with intensive, high yield, high efficiency, ecological and safety. Comprehensive utilization of wireless sensor technology, mobile communication technology, automation technology, crop safety production and high-efficiency cultivation techniques, comprehensive pest management techniques, soil and fertilizer resources Efficient use of technology and so on, to achieve accurate monitoring of environmental information, accurate management of production process, intelligent implementation of fertilizer, water and medicine, intelligent diagnosis and monitoring of pests and diseases, supervision and traceability of agricultural products quality and safety under the support of multi-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary high-tech integrated applications aims. With the large application of sensor terminal equipment in agricultural production environment, agricultural production environment variables are transformed into digital signals, transmitted, stored, analyzed and processed, the data volume gradually becomes larger and the data structure becomes more and more complicated. In big data environment, the overall perception , Reliable transmission and intelligent processing technologies such as IOT innovation of agricultural IOT application mode, a variety of agricultural resources utilization efficiency increased significantly, agricultural energy consumption and cost to minimize, minimize the destruction of agro-ecological environment, improve the agricultural whole chain , The entire industry, the entire process of intelligent, ubiquitous, real-time monitoring of agricultural production environment, automatic control, digital management, agricultural production management system to achieve overall optimization, which is also the inevitable trend of development of agricultural things in the future.
The realization of a high degree of intelligence in the agricultural internet of things through the effective combination with informationization is an inevitable trend of China's agricultural development. The promotion and application of the agricultural internet of things is an important way to achieve this goal. Under the impetus of the government and relevant scientific research institutions, China's agricultural Internet of Things technology has made some progress, and its application has also achieved good results. However, there is still a long way to go in terms of technology and there is still plenty of room for further development of the application. The concrete manifestation is that the object of application of agriculture in our country is diversified and the information collected is also very complicated. Although our country has a certain leading role in the formulation of IoT standards, there is no unified and effective standard system in China. The corresponding business model of agricultural Internet of things is not yet mature, repeated investment is more prominent, less sustainable business model. In the future development, we should actively explore the application modes of agricultural internet of things and sustainable business models for different types of agricultural products and different types of agricultural production and operation entities. Our country is still relatively weak in the refinement and automation of agricultural production. The existing prevalence rate of agricultural monitoring and automatic control technology is low, which has restricted the development of agricultural internet of things applications. Hardware equipment and technology still need to improve. In the future, we should strengthen the emphasis and research on the agricultural Internet of Things, continuously improve the construction of its standard system and operation mechanism, and promote the standardization, scale-up and industrialization of agricultural Internet of Things applications.