On November 6, 2012, Bosch introduced a new generation of peripheral acceleration sensors for passenger protection systems – the fifth generation since 1996. Key features of the new digital sensor include a wide measurement range of ±120g to ±480g and communication options via SPI or PSI5-V1.3 interfaces. The peripheral sensors are located on both sides or behind the outermost point of the engine compartment of the vehicle so that they can quickly identify collisions. However, the new fifth-generation product can achieve more functions than simply recording collisions. In just a few milliseconds, they can transmit all the data required by the electronic system to the airbag controller, so that they can determine whether the collision is minor or serious. The controller needs to check the reliability of the obtained sensor data before deciding whether to activate the vehicle restraint system (such as the front, head or side airbags and seatbelt pretensioners).
Bosch's new MEMS accelerometers SMA582 and SMA592
Four measuring ranges, two sensors, direct integration
In addition to its measurement range, the design of these two new sensors is almost identical. The SMA58x can be switched from ±120g to ±240g and can be integrated into an external side impact sensor. The SMA59x has twice the measurement range specifically designed for front impact. Both sensors are measured along the Y axis. The sensitivity between 1LSB/g and 4LSB/g is calculated using the 10-bit measurement accuracy and the limit of the measurement range.
If the airbag controller is compatible with PSI5, the sensor can be easily integrated thanks to the PSI5-V.1.3 bus interface. In this way, up to 4 sensors can be operated in parallel or in series. To ensure that the data bus continues to operate smoothly in this situation, the new accelerometers are equipped with IDATA pins to select the filter or attenuator according to the customer-specific dimensions. This wiring is integrated in the peripheral sensor package and sensor chip.
Bosch engineers designed an efficient offset controller for the SMA58x and SMA59x. This allows the sensor to automatically perform slow and fast offset adjustments. As a result, sensors can respond flexibly to physical disturbances such as vibration or significant ambient temperature fluctuations. Two selectable low-pass filter cut-off frequencies of 213Hz and 416Hz can also be used to enhance signal conditioning.
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