Reflections on the accelerated development of solar photovoltaic industry (1)

Abstract: As a new energy source, solar energy is the most abundant energy that humans can use. The key to the development of the solar photovoltaic industry is the production of solar cells. This article compares crystalline silicon solar cells with thin-film solar cells and analyzes the advantages of Sichuan's development of the solar photovoltaic industry. It is believed that crystalline silicon cells will continue to dominate the solar photovoltaic industry for a longer period of time and should become the main development of the province's solar photovoltaic industry. path.

[Keywords:] The exploration of solar photovoltaic industry With the increasing use of energy, especially fossil energy, the constraints of energy on human economic and social development and the impact on resources and the environment become more and more obvious. Exploring the use of new energy sources other than fossil energy and accelerating the development of new energy industries has become an important issue that all humanity needs to face together. In recent years, due to the continuous improvement and breakthrough of technology, the development of solar photovoltaic industry has become one of the major approaches and means to achieve global carbon emission reduction and alternative fossil energy, showing great development potential. Sichuan is the birthplace of national polysilicon industrialization production. It has formed a relatively complete industrial chain including high-purity polycrystalline silicon manufacturing, silicon ingot/silicon wafer production, solar cell manufacturing, photovoltaic modules, and system applications, and it has developed in the development of solar photovoltaic industry. Unique advantages, should comply with the requirements of the times, accelerate the development of solar photovoltaic industry, play a due role in the country as a demonstration and leading role. However, various disputes over the development of the solar photovoltaic industry in the province have cropped up. Some contradictions and problems that restrict the healthy development of the industry have gradually emerged. It is necessary to make further reflections on issues such as energy consumption pollution, technological innovation, and policy support in the development of the industry.

First, solar energy is the dominant direction of new energy development in the future. New energy, that is, various energy forms other than traditional fossil energy, refers to energy that has just begun to develop or is being actively studied and yet to be promoted. Various forms of new energy sources come directly or indirectly from the heat generated by the sun or deep inside the earth. Compared with traditional energy sources, new energy generally has the characteristics of less pollution and large reserves, which is of great significance in solving the serious environmental pollution problems and the exhaustion of resources (especially fossil energy) in the world today. The economic development has led to a dramatic increase in human demand for energy. The core of strategic competition between countries in the 21st century is the energy struggle. At present, the energy used by countries around the world is mainly fossil energy, but global fossil energy sources are depleted. According to experts’ predictions, according to the current energy consumption rate, the world’s known reserves of oil can be extracted for about 40 years, natural gas can be mined for about 50 years, and raw coal is about Can be mined for 200 years. At the same time, the extensive use of fossil energy sources has produced greenhouse effect and acid rain pollution, which has seriously damaged the environment on which human beings rely. Therefore, the gradual replacement of fossil fuels through the development of new energy resources and the solution to global climate change and energy crisis are inevitable choices for countries in the world today and are becoming new growth points in the world economy.

At present, new energy sources available to human beings include solar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy, ocean energy, biomass energy and nuclear energy. Since ocean energy and geothermal energy can only be used in specific places, we only compare solar energy, wind energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy cost, efficiency, advantages and disadvantages.

One is the most abundant resources. The solar energy received by the earth is as high as 8×1013 kilowatts per second. Solar energy received by China’s surface every year is equivalent to 2.4 trillion tons of standard coal energy, which is more than 800 times of the total energy consumption of the country in 2008. Moreover, solar energy is inexhaustible and inexhaustible. It is not transportable. This is unmatched by other new energy sources.

The second is the most direct conversion. Solar power is the direct conversion of solar radiation into electricity. It is the one-time conversion of all clean energy with the highest conversion efficiency, the least conversion, and the most direct use. At present, the conversion rate of crystalline silicon solar cells is between 15-20%. . Wind energy and biomass energy are all indirect conversion forms of solar energy, and their conversion rate is only tens to several hundredth of that of sunlight. At present, the conversion rate of nuclear energy is higher than that of solar energy. However, the selection of raw materials is narrow and the standards are high, and the requirements for the construction environment are also very high.

The third is the cleanest and environmentally friendly. For a region, the radiation of sunlight is always relatively stable. Solar power plants have no carbon dioxide and any pollutants discharged for 25 years of power generation, and their equipment will not cause any damage to the environment. It can be said that solar energy is the one-time conversion energy with the highest efficiency and the simplest, most reliable and most economical new energy that we can use currently.