The surface properties of minerals are the most important ones in the interface phenomenon. The surface properties of minerals are complex, including surface bond rupture, surface electrical properties, surface ionic state, surface solubility, surface structure and chemical composition. Mineral floatability has a direct relationship; therefore, by changing certain properties of the mineral surface, it is possible to separate minerals and improve flotation.
The grinding of sulphide ore is generally carried out by wet ball milling. When wet mineral milling is carried out by sulfide minerals, galvanic interaction occurs between sulfides, sulfide minerals and grinding media. The action of collector on the surface of sulfide minerals will occur. Larger influences, which in turn affect the flotation separation of sulfide minerals. The influence of the grinding system on the electrochemical reaction of the sulfide ore surface can be summarized as follows:
(1) Grinding behavior changes the surface properties of minerals, producing defects on the surface of minerals, attracting impurities, causing changes in surface electron energy levels, affecting the electrode potential of minerals, and also changing the activity of the surface.
(2) Some components of the grinding media directly participate in the redox reaction of the mineral surface, affecting the surface products.
(3) The role of corrosion galvanics between the new surface and the unground surface, between minerals and minerals, minerals
Corrosion couples are formed between the surfaces of the different properties between the media and the respective potentials.
Study HU Yue-hua et al showed that mechanical forces factors electrode potential change, when galena, when pyrite subjected to mechanical forces in different media, with the change to change the medium and mechanical force magnitude, which is the potential change, Quantum Chemical The calculations show that under the action of mechanical force, the surface electronic structure changes, resulting in a change in the mechanism of interaction with the agent. The study found that the mechanical force-surface defect-surface energy level in the grinding process is related to each other. The mineral interface characteristics are controlled by controlling the grinding chemical environment, and then the mineral surface and the chemical phase interaction and even the final flotation behavior are regulated.
The results GU Guo-hua et al showed that pyrite and copper ore iron medium and stainless steel media grinding systems, the mineral surface of the electrode to produce the cathode current, grinding media as the anode and is oxidized to form ferric hydroxy complexes, covering On the mineral surface, the adsorption between the agent and the mineral in the system is weakened. Different grinding atmospheres cause different redox atmospheres in the mill, which affect the surface properties of sulfide minerals.
He Fazhen et al. discussed the effects of grinding environment on the surface morphology and properties of sulfide minerals, chemical properties of pulp and flotation behavior. In the grinding-flotation system of sulfide minerals, the grinding process is a complex physical, chemical and physical chemical process, which has many factors such as mechanics, electrochemistry and mechanical chemistry, which affect the surface of sulfide minerals. Morphology and properties, solution chemistry of pulp and flotation behavior of sulfide minerals. The flotation separation of sulfide minerals can be improved by adjusting the grinding environment by changing the grinding medium and adding chemicals in the mill.
Peng et al study showed that ferric oxide generated during grinding is the main factor affecting the flotation of galena, it was found in the study of activation of sphalerite grinding, and grinding stripping behavior of Fe The 2+ substitution of Zn 2+ in sphalerite changed the surface properties of the mineral and worsened the flotation of sphalerite. XPS was used to study the surface of lead ore and sphalerite in grinding, and iron-bearing compounds appeared on the surface of galena and sphalerite, and their characteristic peaks increased with the extension of grinding time. In addition, studies on copper sulfide ore and arsenopyrite have shown that iron ions in the grinding ore affect the floatability of the sulfide ore.
Huang et al. used XPS technology to study the effect of grinding environment on the surface properties and floatability of arsenopyrite. The results show that the stronger the electrochemical activity of the grinding media, the more hydrophilic iron oxide and oxide on the surface of the arsenopyrite. These hydrophilic substances reduce the floatability of fine-grained arsenopyrite.
Wei et al.'s research shows that the oxidative grinding environment of non-ferrous mills can improve the lead recovery rate, but the copper ion generated by ore oxidation reduces the flotation selectivity by activation of sphalerite. On the contrary, the traditional iron mill grinding leads to a decrease in lead recovery rate, and the selectivity is improved. The reduction of lead recovery rate during iron mill grinding may be caused by the coverage of iron oxide on the mineral surface, and The inhibition of minerals is more pronounced.
Electrochemical behavior during flotation of B sulfide ore
During the experimental research on the flotation separation of sulfide minerals, it was found that the slurry potential, the pulp pH value and the system component concentration play an important role in controlling the flotation separation between sulfide minerals, and the slurry potential is controlled during the flotation process of sulfide ore. The key factor. The basic properties of the sulfide mineral flotation system are electrochemical properties. The sulfide minerals have semiconducting properties. The ruthenium-based collectors have redox properties and involve charge transfer reactions at the sulfide-mineral-liquid phase interface. Therefore, sulfide minerals and xanthate traps The role of the collector is an electrochemical process.
After years of research, the theoretical system of electrochemical flotation of sulfide ore has been formed, and will not be repeated here. In recent years, the research system is mainly based on Dinghuang, Z-200, mercaptobenzothiazole, ethylsulfide, butylamine, aniline, mercaptan, lime, etc., mainly for chalcopyrite and galena. electrochemical behavior of the mineral pyrite, sphalerite iron, jamesonite, pentlandite, pyrrhotite, molybdenite, etc., chemical mechanism explains electricity and flotation of minerals and The mechanism of action of the agent provides a basis for potential-controlled flotation of sulfide ore. However, these studies mostly using mineral electrodes or metal electrodes, and electrochemical properties for the slurry substantially no research line detection, but using the supernatant of the slurry is detected, as from the internal electrodes are not pure mineral The structural and electrical properties represent the pulp system, resulting in large deviations in data. Therefore, how to use a pure mineral electrode to better replace the pulp system is the direction of further research.
The electrochemical behavior between minerals in the flotation process of sulfide ore has also been further studied. G. Urbano studied the interaction between galena and sphalerite by comparative voltammetry. Due to the galvanic effect between the sulfide ore of zinc and cadmium , the degree of oxidation of galena in the sphalerite concentrate is reduced, while the degree of oxidation of sphalerite and other minerals is increased. Compared with pure galena, the galena in sphalerite is oxidized at a higher potential, demonstrating that the combination with other minerals reduces the reactivity of galena. The presence of galena in the concentrate causes the sphalerite oxidation reaction to occur, which is often difficult to observe in pure sphalerite.
Activated Carbon Regeneration Rotary Furnace
In 1985, China National Gold Group Corporation was approved by theNational Economic Council,it decided
to introduce foreign advanced technology and equipment to conduct a technological reformation in Tongguan and Zhangjiakou gold mine. United States daiweimaiji company was responsible for the basic design, Changchun Gold Research Institute provided the technical support , introduced the first set electric-heated rotary kiln Activated Carbon Regeneration furnaces of gold industry in China.
In May of 1987 ,it was put into operation, and also has carried on the digestion of technology and domestic equipment reservation.In 2002 , we started to develop JHR-O series fuel oil heated active carbon regenerating furnace, August of 2004, it was put into practice in Zhang jiakou Gold mine of Hebei.In 1997 ,we also developed the JHR series electric heated active carbon regenerating furnace,in 2007, technology was upgraded and we also applied for patent of electrical ( gas ) heating rotary kiln for activated carbon regeneration equipments, gas prices rose dramatically in 2010, JHR-E series electric heating rotary kiln for active carbon regenerating furnace became the main force again.
Activated Carbon Regeneration Rotary Furnace,Rotary Kiln Furnace,Small Rotary Kiln,Electric Rotary Kiln
Changchun Gold Research Institute Co.LTD , https://www.ccgrizb.com