Maize's extraordinary early sowing techniques involve a combination of advanced planting methods, strong seedling development, large ears, medium to high planting density, and continuous cropping. The core technology lies in the use of cold-tolerant, mid-maturing glutinous rice varieties for super-early seeding of both maize and rice. This approach not only improves yield but also enhances resilience against adverse weather conditions.
1. **Maize**
(1) **Extraordinary Early Sowing**: Maize is sown as early as mid-February, which is approximately 50 days earlier than the traditional sowing period in late March or early April. This early start allows the crop to take full advantage of the growing season.
(2) **Greenhouse Seedling Cultivation**: Seedlings are grown in greenhouses and transplanted when they have 2 to 2.5 leaves. Care is taken to avoid overheating by managing greenhouse film exposure properly.
(3) **Selection of Large-Ear Varieties**: Varieties like Yayu No. 2 and Nanyu No. 3 are preferred. These strains produce large ears, have high yields, strong stress resistance, compact plant structures, and good cold tolerance at the seedling stage, making them ideal for early planting.
(4) **Medium to High Planting Density**: Spring maize is typically planted at a 20% higher density compared to conventional seasons, while autumn maize shows a 10% faster growth rate than spring maize.
2. **Rice**
(1) **Early Sowing and Vigorous Seedling Growth**: Rice is sown around mid-May, coinciding with the early harvest of corn. Seedlings are kept for 40 to 50 days before transplanting.
(2) **Use of Hardy Mid-Maturing Varieties**: In the Chuan Dong area, mid-maturing Japonica hybrid rice such as Gangyou Duoyou No. 1 and Gangyou No. 22 are used. Wuyujing No. 3 is suitable for the northern Chuanxi region.
3. **Autumn Corn**
(1) **Transplanting in June**: Seedlings are exposed to open fields in mid-June and transplanted into the wide rows of spring corn when they have 3 to 4 leaves. The symbiotic period lasts about 15 days.
(2) **Disease-Resistant Varieties**: Medium-maturing semi-rigid varieties such as Yayu No. 2 are recommended for their resilience and productivity.
4. **Winter Wheat**
Winter wheat is planted in deep trenches with raised beds. It is sown in early November, with varieties like Mianyang 26 and Chuanongmai 1 selected for their adaptability and high yield potential.
These techniques collectively enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability, ensuring better resource utilization and improved crop performance under varying climatic conditions.
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